Testing system



June 21 'f 1927.

L. T. cox

'msnm sYsTEu Filed Dec.29, 1924 e Vsheets-sheet 1 June 2'1, 1927. 1,632,886

. L. T. ,COX

TESTING SYSTEM Filed Dec. 29, 1924 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 June 211;1927,"

' Filed Dec.29, 1924 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 Y, Affy L. T. COX i TESTING SYSTEI n Filed Dec.29, 1924 6 Sheets-Shoot f4 I Juncal, 1927. l 1.632.886

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- L. T. COX

TESTING SYSTEM med Dec'. 29, 1924 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 Patented June 21, 1927.

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VLOUIS T. COX, OF BROOKLYN, NEW- YORK, ASSIGNOR TO N STERN EIQCTRIC COM?- IEANY, vNCORPOB/ATED, OF NEW YORK, ,N. Y.f,-'A CORPORATION- 0F NEW YORK'.

TESTING SYSTEM.

Application filed December 29,` 1924.y S'eril No. 758,558.'

This invention relates to testing systems and more particiiiarly to circuit arrangements Afor testing subscribers" lines terminat- 'in iu .cliine switching central oiii'ces'.

rin'object ottli'e invention to provide an iiiipioved larrangement of circuits and apparatus to enable Aan operator at a test 175Vto connect 'with 'a subscribers line in a iiiaciiine switching central'ofi'ic-een'd to conduct routii'ie'an'd special tests on said line and tlie asseoir-.ted substation apparatus.

it.' feature oiA tlie invention lies in tlie pro- .fn oit means ior holdingvtli'e connections established over trunk lines connectedivitli si'ebscribers lines when tlie operator" removes ilie plug i'roin tii'e trunk` jack.

,Another feature oit 4the" invention lies in tlie provision' ot means it'orindica'tii'ig tlie operation or non-operation otplunger type line switches. i

'lliie invention may be iiioie` readily understood by reference to the toll'oy'viii'g descrip,

tion considered iii connection with tlie ac-Y coiiipanying drawings in ivliicl'i Figs. 1 and 2 sliow iiioaiis `tor observing a line on Wliicliv intermittent troubles occur; Fig. 1 also sliovvs av trunk circuit incoming to the test' desk; Figs. desli 'toi-"conducting various tests on the subscribeifs line. Fig.' 5 sli'ows a trunk-ciu cuit'leadingto automatic switches for connecting ivitli a subscriber"s line. Fig. 7 is :i gram showing the inaiiiieriii Wliicli `tlie .several slieets ot' tbe drawing sliould be arranged to sliow as iii'ucli oit' a complete organization of circuits is necessary to illustrate tlie manner iii vvliicli various tests oi ilie subscribers lines may be made.

.Description of apparatus. y For enabling the test operator to conduct ro tine and special tests, testing equipment s suomi iii liigs. 1 Vto 5 is provided. The

routine Atests are required generally to ascertaiu'wlietlier tlie subscribers line is des void oi. shorts, grounds and'Mciosse's tlie central oiiice battery or other 'forei u lil. M. F.. 'tbattli'e capacity ot'tlie line is correct and ilie insulation resistance ot the line is satisiutoiy. Tiiese tests are usually made as a mattei' oit routine.

devices employed/iii iiialring `suoli tests are a tes' ittery coiiipi'isiii'g batteries SOllaiid 301,

a ioltniilliaiiimeter 30S and various keys.

Iif-.md sboiv the circuits ottlie test' iiriiioiig tliesp cialtests' conductedby tlite'` special operatorl are' what' are hereinafter" termed bowler test, souiider'test and 'adiv justiiient oit subscribers bells as Weill as 'tests for teinpora-ryunstandard conditions. Tliese tests as a rule are only made when trouble on the line lies been' reported. This equipment in'ay be associated with either one lo't the two testy cords', one of which is termed f a primary test'cordV and the ot'lier a secondn e ary test cord.' li'itli tlie primary test'- cord ruiliicli terminates' in plug'tO'O are grou/pcd.

tliose" testii'ig" devices which are necessary for making tlie routiiietests and certainv other tests in'seperably 'asscciatedlvvitli tlie use otl a voltiiiilliaiumeter, in the secondary test grouped tlio'se testing devices vvl'iicli donot involve tlieuse ot'a voltniilliaiiiiiieterl- By means ot a test cord interchange key 402, tlie primary aiidlseco'ndaryftest circuits can int iclianged: ivitli ii'espfect' to tlieiry plugs.

ThisV arrangeiiieii't eneolcs tlie test operator to einpl'oyfliis time more' etiiciently 'since those tests su'cli as bowler, sounder' and adjust-` ni'ntof' siibsc'iibeis-bells ivl'ilicli are apt to V. ,A I., i consume considerable time are associated Witlila sepziratecircuit.' This arrangement also enables tli'e test operator to malte routi e tests olii oi'i'e'liii'e connected to a primary testcircuit and to conduct'special tests oii anotl'ieilifne 'connected to tlie secondary test circuit yat'tlie saine time.

Tlie test' combination intended primarily tor igleteri'nining the'4 character of trouble consists of a 100 volt battery poled opposite to central lotlice battery and having a 20 volt tap. l'ii Fig of tlie drawings, tlie 100 voltA battery includes batteries 300 and 301,`tlie former being the 20 volt tap. The volti'iiilliani'nie'ter has the following scale: 0 to 120 'volts-100,00() olims; Oto 24. volts-20,06()

oliiiis; t) to 24 volts-4,000 oliins; also read-` e Y ing l) to .()Maiiipei'es and 0.4 to .48() ampei'es.

ule l voltrtest battery is used in connection with tbe 100,000'olim 120 volt scale,'.

While a tap trom tliis battery to give 2O volts is used Witli tbe 20,000-oliiu'2-l; volt scale and poled opposite to the central office battery, n `the test operator is enabled to quickly de- Y, tect crosses with the latter battery, in that the reading will be in excess of 100 volts by an amount equal to the voltage of the central oiiice battery.

Description of operation.

The test operator will conduct a test either over the primary test cord terminating in plug 400 or over the secondary test cord terminating in plug 401. The insertion of plug 400 into jack 600 of t-he trunk circuit of Fig. 6 closes y a circuit from battery, through resistance 601winding of` re! lay 602, contact 603 of jack 600 to ground. The operation of relay 602 in this circuit causes the lighting of red lamp 604, in a circuit from battery, left back contact of nected to the windingof rela ings of relays 606and 607 to relay 605, inner right lfront contact of relay 602, lamp 604 to ground. The lighting of this lamp indicates that the trunk is in use. Relay 602 in operating also connects the sleeve of jack 600 over the inner left front contact of relay 602, through the windground. It likewise closes a circuit for relay 608 from battery, through resistance 601, winding of relay 602, winding of relay 608, outerleft front contact of relay 602 to ground which circuit is ineffective due to the ground con- 602, from contact 603 ofjack 600., In a ditionrelay 602 disconnects relay 605 from conductor 609, outgoing to the selector switch and connects it over the outer right front contact of relay 602, to conductor 610, putting it under the control of polarized relay 611. The extension of the sleeve of jack 600 through the windings of relays 606 and 607 to ground, completes a circuit for these relays which may be traced from the sleeve of jack 600, sleeve of plug 400, contacts of keys 402, 403, 404 and 405, lowermost back contact of relay 406, contact of key 302, winding of relay 303 to battery. Relays 606, 607 and 303 operate. The operation of relay 607 closes an obvious circuit for relay 612 and the operation of relay 606 bridgesrelay 611 across operating conductors 613 and 614 outgoing to the test distributor represented by the rectangle 617. Relay 612 operates and at its front contact connects the tip and ring of jack 600 to t-he test conductors 615 and 616 outgoing to the test distributor. The operation of relay 612 also connects 406, upper back Contact of relay 408, ofi"Y normal contact 409 of dial 407 to ground. The operation of relay 406 opens the previously traced circuitior relays 303, 606 and 607. These relays release in turn releasing relay 612. The release of these relays Vconnects operating leads 613 and 614 to the tip and ring of jack 600 from whence the tip extends over the tip of plug 400, left contact of key` 402, contact of key 404, inner upper contact of relay 406, to one of the interrupter springs of the dial 407 andthe ring conductor extends by way of the ring of plug 400, contact of key 402, inner lower front contact of relay 406 to the other interrupter spring` of dial 407. As'the dial returns this circuit is repeatedly opened to control the selector switch shown diagrammatically by rectangle 617. The switches represented by this rectangle may be of any desired type but the circuit arrangement 1s more specially adapted for Step-by-step switches of the type shown in United StatesV Patent No.

1,481,586, issued to W. A. `Benson, January 22,1924. y y y l When the dial comes to rest on the completion of a digit, relays 606, 607 and 612 are reoperated and the bridge is againecompleted across the operating'leads 613 and 614.` At the completion of dialing, if the y connected line is noti busy, t-he tip and ring of the test Jack 600 are closed through to the tip and ring of testleads 615 and 616.

The test man may now make any testfhe desires since these leads have neither ground, battery norbridge of any kind on them. It the connector or line is busy, reversed battery is connected to leads 613 and 614 so that polarized `relay 611 operates connectinr ground to the winding of relay 605, which relay operates and closes a circuit for relay 618. The operation of relay 618 closes a circuit from battery through interrupter 619, over the front contact of relay 618, inner right front. contact of relay 605, inner right front contact of relay 602, through lamp 604, to ground causing lamp 604 to flash to indicate that a busy condition has been encountered.

If the test man desires to hold this connection while making some other test he re moves plug 400 from jack 600. The removal of the plug opens the circuit of relays 606 and 607 which relays release, in turn releasing relay 612. However, relay 602 is held operated in a circuit from battery throughiresistance 601, Windingof relay 602, Winding of relay 608, outer left front contact ol' relay 602 to ground. Relay 608 is permitted to energize by opening the enereizing circuit ol relay G02 at contact G08. he operation or relay (308 connects test lead 615 to relay 618 and test lead G16 to ground through resistance G20. This yprevents the release of the connection and also provides means for indicating to the test man if the'subscriber initiates a call or a trouble. man connects to the line. The operation of relay G18 in response to the initiation or" a call closes a circuit from battery, through interrupter 619, contact ofrelay`618, inner right back contact `oit relay 605, lamp {3Q} vto ground. In order to release a connection it is necessary to close the key'G/Q. lit the plug is in the jack, the operation of this key shunts relay 602 thus releasing relays 606, 60? and 612 disconnectH ing the leads from thetestoistributor 'troni the trunk circuit. It' the plug is not in the jack, the Aoperation of key 622 shunts both relays 602 and 608 and releases the connection.

Tests with pi'va'wmrg/ cor-KZ crcm't.

To conduct a routine test the operator ac'- tuates the ground key 305 theieby connecting yground to the tip side oit the sul;iscribe1"s line over the'path extending` from ground, contact or key 305, outer lett lack contact of relay 306, outer lett back Contact of relay 307, conductor 323, contacts ot keys L110, 411, 412, 413, 41st, inner upper back contact ot relay 400, right nori'nal contact oli key ill, contact ot reversing key 402 to the tip of plug Il00, tip ot j ack G00, right alternate contact ol relay 012, right back contactot relay G08 to test conductor 016 and thence to the-'tip side of the subscribers line. The voltnieter 308 and the batteries 500 and 301 are then connected in series Vwith the ring side of the line over the path extending from batteries 300 and 301, lamp 309, contacto'i' keys n10 and 311, contact of key 313, contact ot key 312, inner right back contact ot relay 30T, contact olf keys 310 and 311. volt'- meter 308, contact ot key 315, outer right hack contact ot relay 30T, contact oli key 310, Contact ol keys 312, 302, 317, 318, inner left back contact ol' relay 300. conductor 322, contacts ot keys d` 411, 412, 4113, fl-1d, inner lower back Contact ot relay 400, contact of key 402, through the ring of plug 400 to the ring ol jack 000. outer lett "liront contact ot relay G12. outer left back contact ot relay 00S, test conductor 615, and thence to the rin.' side ol' the suhscribers line.

The operator then actuates the reversing key 410. lVlien this key is actuated there 1will be a deflection of the needle of 'the volt-v meter 308. The amount oit the deflection of the needle of the voltmeter is then a measure of the capacity across the lineincluding the substation apparatus i TWhen the needle comes to rest it measures in parallel the resistance between the two sides of the line and betivee the tip side of the line and ground, the amount ot deflection indicating Whether a short, a ground or insulation resistance is being measured. If theV needle Vcomes to rest so as to give a del'leotion in excess ot '100 volts it indicates that the tip side ol the line-is probably crossed with the office battery. y

The reverse key is then restored to .give the saine indications as above with regard to the ring side oit the line. E v l The operator 'then restores the ground key to normal position. Generally the test Operator pays little attention to the reading of the voltincter upon this movement of the'key; Frein the foregoing it is obvi ous that the secondand third movements of the reversing key are thevimportant ones.

ll the position of the needle in its deliected position and its normalposition are satisfactory it indicates that the called line is in a normal condition. Gf all tests made on the subscribers lines, approximately k90% of the tests show the line to be in normal con-y dition,so that it is evident from the foregoing tests, that thetest operator is enabled to verify this tact in a simple and quick manner. It also evident that i'lf the testing opcrators work is such that he can leave the ground key in its operated position, only tivo movements of the reverse key are necessary in order to verily that a line is in normal condition. lt the at rest7 position of the needlel is not satisfactory, 'further tests are made to obtain a, more vdelinite idea ot the nature ot the, trouble. By leavingithe ground key in its normal position and by operating and restoring the reverse key, the test operator is enabled 'to detect Whether the trouble is a short or ground on the tip, a groundum the ring, or a combination ot these troubles by ii'eterring toliis clnirt which shows'various deileetions oll the needle' tor various kinds oltrouble.

VOZwilliam/meter .scale diam/c keg/S.

lf the test operator Wishes to obtain seine furthe-r idea of the size ot the short or ground, he operates a scale change key whichv connects tinto circuit that winding of the yoltmlliainmeter Inost nearly equal in resistance to that ot the short or ground tobe n'ieasnred. Scale change key 311 connects volt test battery and the O to 24 volt 20,000 ohm Winding into the circuit. The scale change key 310 is operated to connect the 20 volt test battery and the 1.000 ohm Winding` of the voltmiiliammeter in circuit. Key 312 when operated connects battery 319 to supervisory relay 820 through one Winding of repeating coil 321 in series with the ammeter Winding of the voltmilliammeter.

Measurement of foreign potentials `and voltage of test batteries.

It the test operator Wishes to obtain more definite information vregarding the voltage of an external source of pote11tial"sl1o\vn by the 'routine tests to becrossed with the subscribers line, he operates the foreign E. M. F. key 313, and when necessary the voltmilliannneter reverse key 316. These keys also permit the test operatorto measure earth potentials. The foreign E. M. F. key 313 when operated disconnects at its normal contacts the 100 'volt and 20 volt test batteries from the windings of the voltmilliammeter and instead connects a ground thereto through Vits alternate contact. The voltmilliammeter reverse key 316 reverses the Winding of` the voltmilliamrneter with respect to the line. The voltmilliaxnmeter reverse key must be used when the external potential is of such polarity as to `cause the needle to tend to deflect ofi' the scale inv a reverse direction; Because` ot the fact that the 120 volt scale of the voltmilliammeter has a verv high resistance, earth potentials can be measured with considerable accuracy even it there be a few thousand ohms resistance in the external circuit. The 20,000 ohm circuit and the 1,000. ohm circuit are also available in making. measurements of external potentials.` The circuit arrangement is such that if the voltmilliammeter reverse key 316 alone Ais operated the voltageof the 100 volt test battery is observed and if in addition key 311 is operated the `voltage of the 20 ohm test battery is observed.

Talking, listening and monitoring tests.

" If the test operator Wishes to converse with a subscriber or trouble man on the line, he operates simultaneously key 312 and the key 317. The actuation of these keys connects `one Winding of repeating coil 321 and the supervisory relay 320 in series with the tip and ring talking conductors 322 and 323,'Which are extended to the tip and'ring of test plug 400 and thence to the subscribers line. It also bridges the operators telephone set ll, across conductors 323 and 322. The current from the source 319 then flows over the talking conductors 323 and 322 and thence over the path previously traced from the substation tothe called subscriber or apparatus of the trouble man at said station for the purpose of supplying talking battery thereto.

For the purpose of enabling the test operator to monitor on the circuit. the monitoring key 318 is supplied which key WhenV actuated causes the disconnection of the talking operators transmitting clrcult and the regular receivingcircuitffrom the tip and ring talking conductors of the cordcircuit and connects thereto the test operators receiver through a high efficiency repeating coil 416. It will be noted that the actuation of key 318 completes an obvious circuit from ground at its upper contact Winding of relay 417 to battery. The actuation of key 318 also connects the primary Winding of repeating coil 416 to the tip and ring con-k ductors 322 and 323 at the test operators cord circuit. The operation of' relay 417 connects the operators receiver 418 in Voperative relationship with the secondary nite value which Will `loe the same for tests on all loops. Thus by equalizing Vcurrent supply losseson the different loops a fairly uniform `test condition; is produced which will permit a definite loop condition being used asia basis of comparison.' An artificial trunk line is employed for connection in circuit between the trunk side of the repeating coil supplying current to the substation loop and the testing operators talking set. The purpose of this artificial trunk is to increase the total transmission equivalent of the test-` ing circuit to about 30 miles of standard cable, thus representing the' transmission to be obtained on an electrical toll or long disstance connection. In addition, it is theV general experience that small differences in the volume` of transmission can be detectedV more readily Where the transmission equivalent is in the neighborhood of 20 or-30 miles. A talking test `between the test operator and the installer or trouble man at the substation is alsoprovided. This test should render it possible to discover defects which Would cause any serioustransrnission loss. i

For equalizing the current supply to the different substations, a variable resistance rheostat 324 is provided. v`By means of this rheostat the resistance included in the circuit thereby may be varied from 0 to approximately 3000 ohms. This rheostat is normally disconnected from the test circuit but may be connected thereto by the operation of key 315.

lVhen making a transmission test the operator actuates key 326, thereby connecting the test operators telephone set 415 through contacts of key 326 to the artificial cable 327 which is in turn connected to the left Winding of the repeating coil 321. Key 312 Vis then actuated yto connect the primary wind-` ing 0l coil 321 in circuit with the subscriber@ substation. The test operator then actuates key 315 and adjusts rheostat 324'until the needle oi' the Yrollinillianmetcr 308 indicates that .040 amperes is flowing out over the subscribers loop. rlhis current corresponds to that Flowing in a standard loop..y By building out the substation loop in this manner and by introducing the transmission cable, the transmission takes place over a circuit approximating 30 'miles ot standard cable.

Line insulation oreal.' flown. fest.

Y lt is sometimes desirable to test the insulation of conductors or terminal banks of the oilice. To accomplish this. a 200 volt source of potentialis supplied to the line through the yoltmilliameter `308. When reverse key 410 is in its normal position'a test is made on the ring side ot the line. lVhen the break down test key 328 is operated an obvious circuit is closed for relay 329 which closes a circuit from battery through the winding of relay 330, over the right front Contact of relay 329, left back contact ol relay 331, interrupter 332 to ground. llVhen interrupter 332closes the above traced circuit, relay 330 operates and connects ground to the winding of stepping magnet 333 which ,controls switch 340. Magnet 333 attracts its armature. This circuit is opened when interrupter 332 opens its contact permitting magnet 333 to retract its armature and step the switchv to its next position. The circuit is again closed when the interrupter again closes its contact, s0 that the switch is rotated under the control ot interrupter 332. rlith key 328kclosed and relay 329 operated a circuit is coinpleted' from battery through the windings of relays 307 and 306, left front contact of relay 329, right back contact of relay 331 to ground at the lower Contact of rkey 328. These relays operate. The operation of relay 307 connects the brush 342 to conductor through the ammeter winding of the voltinilliammeter. r1`he operation of relay 306 connects ground to conductor 322 and opens the restoring circuit of the stepping magnet. lll/lith switch 340 in its normal position ground is connected over brush 342, through resistances 334 and 335 to the outer lett trout contact of relay `306 and thenceto conductor 323 which is normally extendcd to the tip of plug 400. Resistances 334 and are of such a Value as to give in combination with the resistance of the line and the ringer at the substation approximately 100,000 ohms.

ln position 1 a shunt is closed around re- "t ice and in position 2 a shunt is arouml both resistauces. KKHence ground is connected gradually to the side of the line 'to be tested to avoid .too rapid discharge ot the capacities which may exist y on the line and possible tapping of sub-V scribers bells. In positionV 3, a 200-volt battery made up of sources 300, 301 and 336 through lamp is connected through resistances 334 and 335 to conductor 323. As in the case of the ground connection, in position 4 resistancel 335 is shunted and in positions 5, 6, 7, 3, 9 and10, both resistances are shunted so as to produce full potential on the line. In position. 11 the shunt around resistance 334 is removed and in position 12 both shunts are removed. In position 13 ground is again connected to conductor 323 through resistances 334 and 335, in position 14 resistance is shunted and inl position 15 both resistances are shuntcd to gradually produce t'ull ground potentialand a com-y plete discharge ot the conductor. lf the insulation is not satisfactory the current indicated by the roltmilliammeter will exceed that normally produced by the 200 volts over the normal line circuit and the amount ot such difference is an indicationofV the extent of the fault in the insulation. When switch 340 reaches posit-ion 16 a circuit is closed from battery, winding ot relay 331, No. 16 terminal and brush 344 to ground. Relay operates and locks over its right front contact and the lower contact of key 328 to ground. The operation of relay 1331 opens the circuit of relay 330 and that relay releases. It also opens the circuit of relays 307 and 306. W'ith switch 34.0 in' position 16 a self-interrupting 'circuit is closed through the winding and contact of magnet 333, No.16 to 21V terminals ofbrush 341t0 ground, in which circuit switch 340` is restored to normal. Relay '331 remains locked to key 328, until that key is restored. Should the operator restore key 328 before the completion of the cycle of operations above described, thev release of relay 329 and the subsequent releaseoi relay 306 closes a circuit from battery, winding andback contact of magnet 333 right back contact of' relay 306, terminals 1 to 15 of brush 341 to ground, in whichv circuit switch 340 is stepped toy its No. 16 terminals' and from thence' to normal in the restoring circuitpreviously described.

Tests using secondary test 00rd.l

effective to produce the same results asin the n The operation. v`oft relay 500 closes an obvious circuit tor l.1,g `;.`ht`v case of a primary cord.

ing lamp501 to indicate that this secondary cord is in use. In'V order to dial over the secondary cord it is necessary to operate key 419 which closes an obvious circuit for relay 408. The operation of relay 408 connects the impulse springs of the dial 407 across the tip and ring `conductors of plug 401. It also opens the circuit ot relay 406 to prevent the connection oit the dial to the primary testiplug. The operation of the dial serves' to control the test distributor and connector to connect with any desired substation.

Howler test. Y

It often occurs that at substantions the receiver is unintentionally left oil the hook. This causes trouble at the central oliice. In order to attract the attention ot the subscriber, a tone, hereinafter called the howler tone, is connected to the subscribers line. Assume that the subscriber at substation 623 has lleft the receiver ott the hook and that the test operator by means ot secondary test plug 401 establishes arconnection `with that` line.. lVhen this connection is completed supervisory relay 504 will be operated in a circuit extending from battery through repeating c'oil 503, winding ot relay 504, contact of keys 505, 506, 07,` 508, 509.

510 and 511, inner lower back Contact ot relay 512, contactl of key 419, left contact of transfer key 402 to the ringr of plug 401 and thence over thering conductor of substation 623 through which the circuit is com# pleted due to thereceiver being oi'f thehook,

ack over the tip conductor to plug 401, conf tacts of keys 402, 422 and 419inner upper back contact of key 512, and thence through keys 511, me, 509, s, to?, 50G and 505, `and winding of repeating coil 50? to ground. Dueto the operation of relay 504 and the previously` noted. operation olf relay 500, a

. circuit is completed from battery through the contact of relay504, winding of relay 566, resistance ground` y y Tlieoperator will next actuate howler key 421. The operation of key 421 connects the secondary of repeating coil 502 in series with the secondary of repeating coil 503.` It also disconnects the tip and ring conductors oit plug 400 from the secondary test cord. In addition it closes a circuit il' rom battery through the winding ofi-clay 568 lowermost contact of key' 421, front contact of relay 567 cont-act ot relay 500 to 566, normal Contact of 'brush 552 oi howler switch 5.50 to ground. Relay 568 operates in this circuit and locks 'from battery, winding of relay 568, lowerinost contact of key 421, outer upper front contact ot relay 568 to ground. The operation of relay 568 prepares a. circuit'for relay 569 throughv the Y inner upper front Contact of relay 568 to the back contact ofrelay 566. The operation of relay 568 completes a circuit from battery, i

throughinterrupter 560 over the lett back contact of relay 569outer lower front coni tact of relay 568, upper back contact of relay 561,V through the primary winding of repeating coil 502 through impedance coil 562 to ground. lDue to this circuit a tone is induced inthe secondaryot` repeating coil 502 and in the secondary of repeating coil 503, producing a tone in the subscribers receiver by means of the primary ot repeat-` ing coil 503. A circuit is also completed from ground through interrupter 513, inner `lower front contact of relay 568, winding of relay 514 to battery. Relay 514 is mennenw Vtarily operated asthe interrupter 513 rotates and completes a circuit from battery,

through stepping magnet 555 oit switch 550,

lower back `contact of relay 561 front contact of relay 514 to ground. VMagnet operates .in this circuit and steps the brushes of switch 550 to the first position. ln so doing it interrupts the energizing circuit of relay 568 but that relay is held operated in the above traced holdingr circuit. Each time interrupter 513 closes its conducting segments, relay 514 operates, in turn operating magnet 555 to advance switch 550 one is connected over brush 554 over the back contact of relay 515, 'winding oit relay 516 to battery.` Relay 516 operates and completes a locking circuit for itseli` including the winding of' relay 515, contact ot' relay 516, lower contact of key 421, upper outer 'front contact of relay 568 to ground. Re-` lay 515 does not operate Vuntil switch 550 leaves position 21 since it is shunted by the energizing circuit. ol relay 516. l/Vhcn brush 554 reaches position 22 and this ci rcuit is opened relay 515 operates in series with relay 516. Switch 55() makes a second revolution under the controlv of iiiterrupter 513.15lVhen tlieswitch reaches terminal 21 a second time a circuit is completed from Vbattery through the winding of relay 561.

iol)

imV

568.` The operation of .relay 561 0pens the circuit including the primary winding oi repeating coil 502. It also opens the operating circuit of stepping magnet 555ot switch 5,50 preventing t is switch from making an additional revolution. In order to cause the bowler switch to make additional revolutions the howler key 421 must be restored and reoperatcd, lit during the time that the howler 'switch is rotating the subscriber' hangs up his receiver, relay '501 releases and in turn releases relay-566. lith relay 566 released, a circuit is completed 'troni battery, winding ot relay 569, inner upper il'iont contct ol? relay 568, back contact ot relay .566, outer upper trent contact ot' relay 568 to lground. Relay 569 operates and locks over its right liront contact to the outer upper lront contact ot relay 566. The operation ot relay 569 opens the primary circuit oi' repeating coil 502 renioving the howler tonev from the subscribei"s line. Since `relay 569 locked, even though the subscriber again removes iis receiier :trein the hook the howler tone is not reapplied thereto unless the test operator releases and reoperates'the key 4121. The locking circuit ot relays 568, 561, 515 and 516 isopened upon the restoration of key L121. The release ot relay 568 in turn releases relay 569. It the howlcr key 421` is restored while the selector switch 550 is rotating, a self-interrupting circuit is come pleted for magnet 555 extending oyer the back contact of that magnet to the strapped ott-normal contacts of brushV 551, the outer upper back contact ot relay 56S to ground1 for restoring the switch to normal.

Sounder test.

he sounder is provided as an aid for locating and checking the cable conductors both inside and outside the otlice to assist the trouble man in locating a particular wire. A source ot tone 517 maybe connected to the secondary cord circuit by the actuation ot key 507. In order not to interfere with the use of the secondary test cord a 'separate cord terminating in plug 518 is provided. It the pluer 518 is insertedin jack 600, or

the key 501 is operated when the plug 401 is inserted in j ack 600, and a shortfcircuit is placed across the line of the subscriber at substation 623, relay 519 will operate, thereby causing the sounder 520 to be actuated to attract the attention of the test operator.

Ringer test-adjusting subscr'bers bells.

he'wll inform the test operator.

ynection therewith.

crate 'in .this circuit as long as the shunt exists. The path of ringing current .may be traced as follows: from a source 522, through thewindingof relay 521, upper' contact ot key'. 511, inner upper back contact ot relay 512, contact oi keys 419, l122, right contact et reversing key 4.92 to the tip ot plug' l101 and thencey overthe tip et the jack 600 and over the subscriber"s line back to the ring ot jack 69() and plug l101, contact et keys /102 and 1-19, inner lower back contact of relay 512, contact ot key 511 to ground. Relay 521 does not energze when key 511 is operatedbut when the party at substation 623 answers, sutlicient current flows therethrough to operate that relay. Relay 521 in operatingv opens the shunt around relay whereupon relay 512 operates. Relay 512 in operatingV disconnects the ringing current trom the subscribers substation and closes an obvious circut tor lamp 523 to indicate that the subscribervhas answered. It the bell at that substation is bcing'tested the trouble man tliereat will adjust the bell until a proper ring' is received whereupon The test operator will then restore the ringing key to the normal-position thereby causing the restoration of ringing relays and the lamp 523. Incoming zfestliae.

The test man is also supplied with a number of `jacks suchy as jack 100, connected to trunksappearing in selector switches, such as trunk '101.shown'in Fig'. 1. As shown, the trunk 101 is connected to terminals ot a iirstrselector. used for calling ithe test man. Vhen a trouble man or inspector desires toV call'the test desk, a codeis dialed which `directs a selector to the terminals connected to an incoming trunk as'jack 100.

lVith a telephone set bridged. across the line conductors, whether that of the subscriber or the trouble man., a circuit is coinpleted from battery through the right winding of relay 117, inner Contact of relay 123, over the telephone set, kback over the outer' contact ot relay 123 and through the This Acircuit Ais primarily y terminating' in a jack such lll() lett winding oit relay 117 to ground The Y operation ot' relay 117 closes an obvious circuit for relay 11S which. in turn closes a circuit for relay 119. The operation o1 relay 119 closes a circuit tor red lamp 120 over` the right back contact oit relay 121, outer left front contact of relay 119, inten rupter 122 to battery, the redlanip 120 'flashing invthis circuit. The operation of relay 119 connects ground to the sleeve ot trunk 101` atthe selector marking `it busy to other selectors .which attempt conlelay 119 also closes a circuit from a sourcew of ringing current through lamp 140, condenser 141, left back contact of relay 121outer right front contact of relay 119 over the ring conductor through the telephone setconnected therewith back over the tip conductor to ground through the left winding `ot' relay. 117. This circuit causes a tone in the telephone receiver indicatingthat the test man is being signaled.V Relay 118 is slow to release so that, should further dialing be attempted at the time this trunk is selected, the operation of relay 117 in response to dial impulses will not permit the release of the connection.l

Assuming that the test man inserts plug 400* of the primary cord circuit in jack 100, aV circuit is completed from battery, throughthe winding of relay 303, contact of key 302, lower back contact of relay 406, Contact of. keys 405, 404, 403 and 402, sleeve of plug 400, sleeve of jack 100, Winding f lighted. y It also prepares a circuit for lamp 126 over its'inner right front contact to the outer left Contact of relay 119 which is open at this time since relay 117 -is released.

, Relay 121 also connects a substitute ground (lil ,to the sleeve of trunk 101holding the'trunk busy. l

Should the test man remove his plug from jack 100 relay 123 releases. This connects relay 1,17 to the tip and ring conductors again. lf the trouble man stillhas his test set connected across the line, relay 117 will i operate in turnoperating relays 118 and `119.` The operation of relay 119 completes thc previously traced` circuit for lamp 12,6r over its outer left front Contact through interrupter 122 to batterycausinglamp 126 to flash. Relay 121A `heilig locked in a local circuit continues to hold the trunk busy and to maintain 4red lamp 120 lighted until released` by the depression of key 127 which shunts thewiuding of that relay and permits it to release. Y

I )etcctioflt of i'uter1u-iteut' troubles.

' The test desk is also suppliedwith a plurality vol? jacks Such as 200, 201 and 202 which connect with apparatus for detecting intermittent trouble on subscribers lines.- Associated with each set of jacks is a set of lamps 203, 204 and 205 for indicating such troubles. These test jacks lead to a set of jacks 206, 207 and 208 which appear on the main distributing frame :tor the purpose of interconnecting this test line with a sub"- scribers line. When there is cause to suspect intermittent trouble onaA subscriber-s Y line, jacks 206 and 207 are connected to the subscribers line andcentral oilice apparatus f by means of a special test plug 102 which is inserted at the distributor :trame in the pace of the heating coils and whichis connected Vto plugs 209 and 210 by means of cords 103 and 104. Jack `208 is connected to the sleeve conductor of the central otlice apparatus by means of plug 211, cord 105 and test clip 106. Assuming that plug 102 has been connected to line 107, if the subscribery at that substation initiates a call a circuit is completed from battery through the winding of relay 212, inner left back Contact of relay 213,`contact 214 of jack 200,

tip of ack 207, tip of plug 210, contact`109 of plug 102, over the ring of the subscribers line through substation 107, back over thev tip conductor, contact 108 of plug 102, tip of plug 209, tip of iack 206, contact 215 of jaclr 200, outer leftl back contact of relay 213,resistance 216 to ground. Relay 212 operates in this circuit and closes an obvious ,circuit for lamp 204 which is green in color vand indicatesthat the tip and ring of the subscribcrs line have been connected. Relay@ 212 also closes a circuit from battery, through the winding Aof relay V217, inner right front contact of relay 212 to ground. In addition relay 212 closes a circuit from battery through the Windingof relay 110 of the subscribers central oflice equipment, outer right back Contact of relay 111, jumper wire 112 of the distributor frame, contact'113 of plug 102, sleeve of plug 209 and jack206, contact 219 of jack 201, left trout contact of relay 212, Winding of relay v221, and contact 218 of jack 201, sleeve of jack 207 and plug 210, contact 114 of plug 102, jumper wire 115,inner right backcoutact of relay 111 to ground., Relay 221 opcrates in this circuit and closes a circuit from battery through the winding of relay' 217, Windingcf relay 222, front contact of loo relay 221 to ground.` Relay 222 operates Y closing `a circuit `for lamp 205 to indicate that the connection hasbeen extended to the central `oftice equipment.

Relay 110 also operates in this circuit and closes an obvious circuit through the pull up winding of relay 111. Relay 111 operates i and inoperating causes the plunger of the line switch to close its associated contacts. Relay 111 also opens the circuit of relay 110, but relay 110 being slowto release holds its armature attractedV until, due tothe op'- eration of the plunger, a substitute circuit is closed for the right orfholding Winding of relay 111. The operation of the plunger extends the tip and ring conductors through the side switch to the line relay of the first selector, which relay operates, in turn operating relay 131. The operation of relay 131 connects ground through the plunger contacts to the lett winding, of relay 1`11 holding` that relay operated, over the jumper wire 116 to the sleeve of the subseribers centraloltice equipment to niark it busy and, by way of clip 106, to plug 211 and jack 203 and the winding' of relay 220.

Relay 220 operates in this circuit and closes an obvious circuit for operating relay 213. The operation of relay 213 connects the ring conductor from the subscribers substation over contact 10901:' plug 102, tip of plug 210 and jack 207, contact 214 of jack 200. inner left front contact of relay 213, winding of relay 221, contact 218 of jack 201, sleeve of jack 207 and plug 210, contact 114 of plugr 102 over jumper wire 115 and thence through the plunger contacts, side switch wiper 133, right winding of relay 130 to ground. The tip conductor is i extended over contact 108 of plug 102, tip of plug 209 and iack206, contact 215 oft jack 200,.outer lefttront contact of relay 213, Contact 219 of jack 201, sleeve of jack 206 and plugr 209, contact v113 of plug '102, jumper wire 112. and thence over the `plunger contact, side switch wiperv132`left winding;

of'relay 130 to battery. The operation of relay 213 opensthe circuit of relay 212, which in turn opens that of relay A217. However, relay 217 is held operated in the previously traced circuit closed at the front contact of relay 221. The release of relay 212 extinguishes the ,green lamp 204. The operation of relay 213 also closes an obvious circuit for red lamp 203 indicating; that the line switch is operated and that the conductors have been extended through the subscriherscent-ral voliice equipment.l

VWhen the subscriber opens the line in dialin g; the first set ot digits, relay 221 releases, removing Lroundfrom the windings of relays 217 and 222 and extinguishing white lamp 205. The release of relay 217 extends the ringr conductor from the inner left front contact of relay 213 over the hack contact of relay 217 and the inner left front contact of relay 213 to contact 218 ot jack 201, thus short circuiting relay 221 and causing that relay to release.

In the case `ot a temporary t(ground or cross the following stages occur: It relay 212 operates lamp 204 is lighted. The operation ot relay 221 through line relay 110 causes the lightingr of lamp 205` lhen the line switch operates to cause the operation ot relay 213I lamps204 and 205 are eXtins` L'uished and lamp 203 is lighted. During' the progress of a normalcall, lirstgreen lamp 204 will he lighted then white lamp 205, and then red lamp 203. Lamps 204 and 205 'are -then retired, leaving lamp 203 lighted during the progress ot' la call. The

repeatedl lighting of lainp 204 without the subsequent lighting of vlamps T203 or 205 would indicate momentary trouble such as a cross connection or ground'on the line not of sutlieient duration to cause the line switch to operate. .if the subscriber Aattempts a connection and the line switch :tails to operate, lamps 204 and 205 will be lighted steadily for a considerable period while the subscriber waits, followed by flashing of the lamp 204 due to the response oit relay 212 to the interruptions caused by the dialing at the subscribers substation. It there is a cross in the central oliice wiringv the line switch will be operated and relay 213 operated lighting' lamp 203 alone. It is therefore possible by this circuit arrangement to differentiate between normal calls, temporary troubles on the line, temporary trouble on the central o'flice wiring and yfailure ot the line switch to operate. y

In addition the operator is enabled to listen on the subscrilocrs line by operating key 223 which connects the secondary of repeating coil 416 across the tip and ring conductors, leading;` to the subscribers line. A circuit is also closed from ground at contact 224 ot' key 223, through the winding oi relay 417 to battery which relay operates and con nects the operators receiver across the proniary of repeating coil 416 to permitA him to listen. This listening circuit is of' such high impedance that it will not trip machine ringing' nor will it niaterally reduce the transmission should the subscribers line be in use. Jack 202 may be used in connection with either test cord 'for listening to determine whether the subscribei;"s line is idle or in use betere conducting any tests thereon. i y

When t-he subscriber disconnects at the termination of a call, the circuit of relay 220 is opened and that relay releases in turn releasing' relay 213 and retiring lamp 203. The test operator may then test the subscribers line by inserting either test plug in jack 200 or may test the subscribers central ol'lice equipment by insertinga test plug in jack 201.v The insertion of this plug in any ot the jacks 200, 201 or 202 causes the operation of relay 225 which connects ground over cord 105 to the sleeve conductor of the subscribers central otlice equipment rendering .the subscribers line busy to incoming calls.

llVhat is claimed is:

1. In an automat-ic telephone exchange system, subscriberslines adapted tov be connected byl means oit a line switch to a selector ,witeh, an operators desk, an indicating deviceat said desk, means for inserting said indicating device betwen one of said subscribers lines and said line switch, means in said. indicating device operated in one manner during the normal progress of a call and Q operated in a different manner to indicate failure ot the line switch to operate. y

2. In an automatic telephone exchange system, subscribers lines adapted to be' connected by means of a line switch to a selector switch', an operators desk, an indicating de.- vice `at said desk, means for inserting said indicating device between one of said` subscribers lines and said line switch` a lamp in said indicating device and means for lighting said lamp momentarily during the progress oil a normal connection and steadily to indicate that said line switch has failed to operate.

3. In a wire chiefs testing system, a` test circuit comprising a plurality of keysA and associated apparatus Vtor testing subscribers lines and terminating in a plug, a jack ended trunk circuit, a series of automatic switches controllable from said test circuit with said plug inserted in said jack to conneet said test circuit with a subscribers line and means in said trunk circuit automatically responsive to the removal of said plug from said jack for preventing the release of said switches when said plug is removed from said jack.

et. In a wire chiefs testing system, a test circuit comprising a plurality-of keys and associated apparatus for testing subscribers lines and terminating in a. plug, a jack ended trunk circuit, a series of automatic switches controllable from said test circuit with said plug inserted in said jack to connect said test circuit with a subscribers line, means in said trunk circuit automatically responsive to the removal of said plug from saidjack for preventing the release of said switches, and means in said trunk circuit for releasing said switches.

5. In a Wire chiefs testing system, a test circuit comprising a plurality `of keys and associated apparatus for testing subscribers lines and terminating in a plug, a jack ended trunk circuit, a series of automatic switches.controllable from saidtest circuit `with said plug inserted in said jack to connect said test circuit with a subscribers line, a relay in said trunk circuit, means for automatically operating said, relay when said plug is inserted in said jack, an auxiliary relay, and means automatically responsive to the removal of said plug from said jack for` maintaining said iirst relay operated and for operating said auxiliary relay to hold said automatic switch as positioned.

G In a wire. chiefs testing system, a test circuit comprising a. plurality of keys and associated apparatus for testing subscribers lines and Vterminating in a plug, a jack ended trunk circuit, a series of `automatic switches controllable from said test circuit with said plugin said jack to connect said test circuit with a subscribers line, a relay in said trunk circuit, means for automatically operating said relay when said plug is inserted in said jack, an auxiliary relay, means automatically responsive to the removal of said plug from said jack for maintaining said firstV relay operated and for voperating said auxiliary relay to hold said automatic switches as positioned, and means in said trunk circuit etli'ective to release said switches. i

7. In a wire chiefs testing system, a testing circuit comprisinga plurality of keys and associated apparatus for testing subscribers lines and terminating in a plug,

ljack ended incoming and outgoing trunk lines accessible to said testing circuit, means to extend a connection oversaid trunk lines, means in said trunklines operated in response to the insertion of said plug in the jack associatedwith said trunk and effective upon the Withdrawal of said plug from said jack to hold said connection.

8. In a wire chiefs testing system, a testing circuit comprising a plurality ofke s and associated apparatus for testing suhscribers lines andterminating Vin a plu jack ended incoming "and `outgoing trun lines accessible. to said testing circuit, means` scribers lines and terminatingV in a plu ,p

jack ended incoming and outgoing trun lines accessible to said testing circuit, means to extend a connection over said trunk lines, means in said trunk lines operated in response to the insertion of said plug in the jack associated with said trunk and ei'ective upon the Withdrawal of said plug from said jack to hold said connection, and means in said trunk circuit for releasing,r said connection whether said plug is in said jack or not.

10. In a wire chiefs testing system, a test ing circuit comprising a `plurality of ke s and associated apparatus for-testing su scribers Vlines and terminatingina plu jack ended incoming and outgoing trun lines accessible to said testing circuit, means to extend a connection over said trunk lines, a relay in said trunk circuit operatedrwhen said plug is inserted in said jack, and a lock-4 ing circuit for said relay effective upon the withdrawal of said plug from said jack to hold said connection. L

11. In a wire chiefs testing system, a testing circuit comprising a plurality of ke s and associated apparatus for testing su scribers lines Vand terminating in `aplugl wis` jack ended incoming and outgoing trunk lines accessible to said testing circuit, means to extend a connection over said trunk lines, a relay in said trunk circuit operated when said plug is inserted in said jack7 a locking circuit for said relay effective upon the withdrawal of said plug yfrom said jack to liold said connection and means in said trunk circuit for opening said locking circuit to release said connection.

12. In a wire chiefs testing; systeim a testing circuit comprisng a plurality of keys and associated apparatus for testing subscribers lines and terminating in a plug, jack ended incoming and outgoing trunk lines accessible to said testing circuit, means to extend a connection over said trunk lines, a relay in said trunk circuit operated when said plug is inserted in said jack, a locking circuit for said relay effective upon the Withdrawal of said plug from said jack to liold said connection and means in said trunk circuit for opening said locking circuit to release said connection Whether said plug is in said jack or not. a

In Witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 26th day of December A. D., 1924.

LOUIS T. COX.

II.II.`r 

